1,220 research outputs found
UCLA Space-Time Area Law Model: A Persuasive Foundation for Hadronization
From the studies of rates and distributions of heavy quark mesons we have
developed additional evidence that hadron formation is dominantly controlled by
a Space-Time Area Law, an approach suggested by both non-perturbative QCD and
Relativistic String Models.Comment: 37 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in Eur.
Phys. J.
Asymptotic behaviour of random tridiagonal Markov chains in biological applications
Discrete-time discrete-state random Markov chains with a tridiagonal
generator are shown to have a random attractor consisting of singleton subsets,
essentially a random path, in the simplex of probability vectors. The proof
uses the Hilbert projection metric and the fact that the linear cocycle
generated by the Markov chain is a uniformly contractive mapping of the
positive cone into itself. The proof does not involve probabilistic properties
of the sample path and is thus equally valid in the nonautonomous deterministic
context of Markov chains with, say, periodically varying transitions
probabilities, in which case the attractor is a periodic path.Comment: 13 pages, 22 bibliography references, submitted to DCDS-B, added
references and minor correction
Scintillator counters with WLS fiber/MPPC readout for the side muon range detector (SMRD)of the T2K experiment
The T2K neutrino experiment at J-PARC uses a set of near detectors to measure
the properties of an unoscillated neutrino beam and neutrino interaction
cross-sections. One of the sub-detectors of the near-detector complex, the side
muon range detector (SMRD), is described in the paper. The detector is designed
to help measure the neutrino energy spectrum, to identify background and to
calibrate the other detectors. The active elements of the SMRD consist of 0.7
cm thick extruded scintillator slabs inserted into air gaps of the UA1 magnet
yokes. The readout of each scintillator slab is provided through a single WLS
fiber embedded into a serpentine shaped groove. Two Hamamatsu multi-pixel
avalanche photodiodes (MPPC's) are coupled to both ends of the WLS fiber. This
design allows us to achieve a high MIP detection efficiency of greater than
99%. A light yield of 25-50 p.e./MIP, a time resolution of about 1 ns and a
spatial resolution along the slab better than 10 cm were obtained for the SMRD
counters.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures; talk at TIPP09, March 12-17, Tsukuba, Japan; to
be published in the conference proceeding
The T2K Side Muon Range Detector
The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment aiming
to observe the appearance of {\nu} e in a {\nu}{\mu} beam. The {\nu}{\mu} beam
is produced at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), observed
with the 295 km distant Super- Kamiokande Detector and monitored by a suite of
near detectors at 280m from the proton target. The near detectors include a
magnetized off-axis detector (ND280) which measures the un-oscillated neutrino
flux and neutrino cross sections. The present paper describes the outermost
component of ND280 which is a side muon range detector (SMRD) composed of
scintillation counters with embedded wavelength shifting fibers and Multi-Pixel
Photon Counter read-out. The components, performance and response of the SMRD
are presented.Comment: 13 pages, 19 figures v2: fixed several typos; fixed reference
Scintillator counters with WLS fiber/MPPC readout for the side muon range detector (SMRD) of the T2K experiment
The T2K neutrino experiment at J-PARC uses a set of near detectors to measure the properties of an unoscillated neutrino beam and neutrino interaction cross-sections. One of the sub-detectors of the near-detector complex, the side muon range detector (SMRD), is described in the paper. The detector is designed to help measure the neutrino energy spectrum, to identify background and to calibrate the other detectors. The active elements of the SMRD consist of 0.7 cm thick extruded scintillator slabs inserted into air gaps of the UA1 magnet yokes. The readout of each scintillator slab is provided through a single WLS fiber embedded into a serpentine-shaped groove. Two Hamamatsu multipixel avalanche photodiodes (MPPC\u27s) are coupled to both ends of the WLS fiber. This design allows us to achieve a high MIP detection efficiency of greater than 99%. A light yield of 2550 p.e./MIP, a time resolution of about 1 ns and a spatial resolution along the slab better than 10 cm were obtained for the SMRD counters. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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